Yeast
The two numbers that decide what the beer becomes.
Attenuation and temperature. Both are ranges, and both interact with your mash: the same strain finishes higher on a wort mashed warm. Treat these as the strain’s potential, not a prediction of your final gravity.
American Ale
73-80%Ale · 18-22 C · Medium floc
Clean and neutral, the workhorse for anything where the hops or malt should do the talking. Ferments reliably and drops reasonably clear.
English Ale
68-75%Ale · 18-21 C · High floc
Malty and lightly fruity, finishing higher than an American strain and leaving body behind. Flocculates hard, so it needs rousing if it stalls.
California Lager
67-71%Lager · 14-20 C · High floc
A lager strain that works at ale temperatures, which is how steam beer exists. Clean at the warm end of its range where most lager yeasts would throw sulphur.
German Lager
73-77%Lager · 9-13 C · Medium floc
Crisp and clean, with a malty finish. Needs a large pitch, cold fermentation and a diacetyl rest before it is packaged.
Czech Lager
70-74%Lager · 9-13 C · Medium floc
Finishes fuller than a German strain, which is where a Czech pale lager gets its body. Slow, and worth the wait.
Bavarian Wheat
73-77%Wheat · 17-23 C · Low floc
Produces banana ester and clove phenol in a ratio set by pitch rate and temperature. Cool and heavily pitched leans clove; warm and under-pitched leans banana.
Belgian Abbey
74-78%Belgian · 18-26 C · Medium floc
Spicy and fruity, with pepper and dark stone fruit that build as the temperature rises. Tolerates high gravity well.
Saison
78-95%Belgian · 20-32 C · Low floc
Peppery, dry, and notorious for stalling around 1.020 before finishing if kept warm. Will attenuate further than any other common strain.
Kveik
75-82%Ale · 25-40 C · High floc
Norwegian farmhouse yeast that ferments clean at temperatures that would ruin any other strain, often finishing in two days. Orange and tropical fruit at the warm end.
Brettanomyces
80-95%Wild · 18-24 C · Low floc
Barnyard, leather and pineapple, developing over months. Attenuates dextrins that Saccharomyces leaves behind, which is why a Brett beer keeps drying out in the bottle.